Ancient

10 elements

6

Carbon

NonmetalSolid

The basis of all known life. Forms more compounds than any other element, over 1...

16

Sulfur

NonmetalSolid

Known since antiquity as brimstone. The tenth most abundant element in the unive...

26

Iron

Transition MetalSolid

The most used metal on Earth and the core material of civilization. Makes up 35%...

29

Copper

Transition MetalSolid

The first metal widely used by humans, beginning around 8000 BC. Excellent condu...

47

Silver

Transition MetalSolid

The best conductor of electricity and heat of all metals. Has the highest optica...

50

Tin

Post-TransitionSolid

Used since the Bronze Age to make bronze with copper. Tin cans were invented in ...

51

Antimony

MetalloidSolid

Used in ancient Egypt as kohl eye makeup. Flame retardant in plastics and textil...

79

Gold

Transition MetalSolid

The most malleable metal. One ounce can be beaten into a sheet covering 28 squar...

80

Mercury

Transition MetalLiquid

The only metal that is liquid at standard conditions. Known as quicksilver for i...

82

Lead

Post-TransitionSolid

One of the earliest metals smelted by humans. Dense, soft, and easy to work with...